Dealing with urban life

Dr. Michael Bull, an expert on the social impact of personal stereo devices in an interview with Wired about the iPod:

So, for example, music allows people to use their eyes when they’re listening in public. I call it nonreciprocal looking. Listening to music lets you look at someone but don’t look at them when they look back. The earplugs tell them you’re otherwise engaged. It’s a great urban strategy for controlling interaction.

There’s a lot of studies in the literature that demonstrate with the urban space, the more it’s inhabited, the safer you feel. You feel safe if you can feel people there, but you don’t want to interact with them.

Music allows people to find pleasure in the place they’re existing. (Personal stereos) make the user’s life much better. It helps them manage urban life… Urban life is one of the reasons they’re using these devices. How often do you talk to people in public anyway?